# LLB: Liechtenstein's state bank with three booking centres

> LLB — Liechtenstein's oldest bank (1861) with an Aa1 rating and CHF 115bn: three booking centres, the 2025 UAE exit, thresholds, EAS/esisuisse/ESA protection and the elevate strategy.

Last modified: 2026-10-19T00:00:00.000Z
Canonical: https://wiki.private.law/en/llb-liechtensteinische-landesbank
Publisher: wiki.private.law (https://wiki.private.law)
Version: 9da601903418d407d1cb426834ef42f15c18a03033059d635911a940b1e854bb
Cite as: LLB: Liechtenstein's state bank with three booking centres. wiki.private.law. https://wiki.private.law/en/llb-liechtensteinische-landesbank. Version 9da601903418d407d1cb426834ef42f15c18a03033059d635911a940b1e854bb.
Topics: banking
Jurisdictions: liechtenstein, switzerland, austria, germany
Functional tags: private-banking
Product tags: bank, wealth-planning, investment, custody, lombard-credit, family-office
Semantic tags: private-banking, bank, wealth-planning, investment, custody, lombard-credit, family-office

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## Concept

**Liechtensteinische Landesbank (LLB)** is Liechtenstein's oldest bank (1861), a private bank under state control: the Principality holds [56.3% of the shares](https://reports.llb.li/2025/ar/app/uploads/LLB_AR25_Corporate_governance_report.pdf) (the law bars a drop below 51%). **Type**: a universal bank with a strong international private banking arm; listed on the SIX (LLBN) since the 1993 partial privatisation. In April 2026 Moody's [upgraded the deposit rating to Aa1](https://www.tradingview.com/news/eqs:a49891a89094b:0-llb-now-with-aa1-deposit-rating-from-moody-s/). The Group CEO is Christoph Reich (confirmed on 29 September 2025 after Gabriel Brenna left for Raiffeisen Switzerland).

## History and evolution

Founded in 1861; a 1981 law enabled foreign expansion. Key steps: the Bank Linth stake (2007, raised to 100% by 2022 and renamed LLB (Schweiz) AG in 2023), LLB Österreich (2009, merged with Semper Constantia in 2018), entry into Abu Dhabi and Dubai (2005/2008) and the [UAE exit announced in September 2025](https://llb.li/en/llb/media/media-communiques/media-communiques/2025/mm-02092025) — clients were referred to Rothschild & Co Bank AG. In January 2025 it [absorbed ZKB Österreich](https://llb.at/en/the-llb/media/media-communiqu%C3%A9s/media-communiques/2025/mm-09012025); since 2024 it has run branches in Munich, Frankfurt and Düsseldorf. The ACT-26 program gives way to the ["elevate" strategy (2027–2031)](https://llb.li/en/llb/media/media-communiques/media-communiques/2026/mm-22092026) with a focus on Switzerland and Germany.

Assets under management hit a [record CHF 115bn at 30 June 2026](https://llb.li/de/die-llb/medien/medienmitteilungen/medienmitteilungen/2026/halbjahresergebnis2026), with 2025 net profit of CHF 166.5m and a Tier 1 ratio of 18.5–19%.

> 🍓 Deposit protection by entity: LLB AG (including the German branches) — [the EAS foundation, CHF 100,000](https://www.bankenverband.li/en/bank-clients/konsumentenschutz/Deposit-guarantee-scheme); LLB (Schweiz) AG — [esisuisse, CHF 100,000](https://llb.ch/de/private/zahlen-und-sparen/weitere-angebote/sparkonten/sparkonto); LLB (Österreich) AG — Austria's ESA, €100,000. Custody securities remain the client's property.

## Regulation

- **FMA Liechtenstein** — LLB AG, Vaduz (plus the Balzers and Eschen branches; the German branches are EEA branches of the Vaduz bank);
- **FINMA** — LLB (Schweiz) AG (Uznach and ~8 offices in German-speaking Switzerland; advisory points in Zurich and St. Gallen);
- **FMA Austria** — Liechtensteinische Landesbank (Österreich) AG, Vienna;
- the digital arm wiLLBe sits in the same perimeter.
## Source of funds and compliance

The EEA standard applies: identification, beneficial owners, [source of funds and source of wealth](https://wiki.private.law/source-of-funds), CRS/FATCA. Dated episodes from the US era: the LLB-Vaduz agreement with the DOJ (2013, US$23.8m) and a separate resolution for the former Swiss unit LLB Verwaltung (2019, US$10.7m). In September 2026 [FMA Austria fined LLB (Österreich) €244,000](https://www.fma.gv.at/en/announcement-fma-imposes-sanction-on-liechtensteinische-landesbank-osterreich-ag-for-breaches-of-organisational-rules/) for organisational shortcomings (under appeal).

> 💡 Prepare the source-of-wealth file in advance: sale of a business, dividends, inheritance. The mechanics are covered in the guide on [documenting source of funds](https://wiki.private.law/source-of-funds).

## Who it serves

- **HNW clients**: no official private-banking minimum is published; industry estimates for LLB Österreich cite €500,000 for EU residents and €1m for non-residents (unofficial);
- **non-residents** booking at the group's three booking centres — Liechtenstein, Switzerland or Austria;
- [**external asset managers, trustees and family offices**](https://wiki.private.law/eam-external-asset-manager) — the "elevate" B2B line;
- digital-channel clients — the wiLLBe app (managed portfolios from CHF 200) passed CHF 1bn of assets in 2025.
## Services

### Wealth management

- discretionary management (five strategies, including ESG) and advisory under the LLB Invest models;
- [lombard loans](https://wiki.private.law/lombard-lending) as a core product.
### Fund powerhouse

- LLB Asset Management and LLB Fund Services — the leading third-party fund custodian in Liechtenstein plus private-label funds;
- LLB Swiss Investment (Zurich) — Swiss private-label funds and EAM services;
- Vienna's LLB Invest KAG and LLB Immo KAG.
### Private and corporate banking

- accounts, payments and lending for private clients and entrepreneurs across the three home markets.
## Entities and booking centres

| Jurisdiction | Legal entity | Format and supervisor | Role for the client |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Liechtenstein | LLB AG, Vaduz (+ Balzers, Eschen) | parent bank, FMA-LI | booking centre and home market |
| Switzerland | LLB (Schweiz) AG (formerly Bank Linth) | universal subsidiary, FINMA (100% since 2022) | booking centre and Swiss home market |
| Austria | LLB (Österreich) AG, Vienna | subsidiary, FMA; absorbed ZKB Österreich (2025) | booking centre and domestic private banking |
| Germany | LLB AG branches (Munich, Frankfurt, Düsseldorf) | EEA branches, home supervision FMA-LI (since 2024) | outreach to German clients |
| UAE | — | exit announced September 2025 | clients referred to Rothschild & Co Bank AG |

LLB AG representative offices in Zurich and Geneva serve international private banking; there is no Asian presence.

## Strengths

- Princely state control and an Aa1 deposit rating — among the strongest sovereign-linked profiles in the segment;
- three booking centres (Liechtenstein, Switzerland, Austria) inside one group;
- fund infrastructure: custody and private-label funds for external managers;
- 165 years of continuous history and dividend discipline.
## Where it does not fit

- Middle East and Asia clients — the UAE closed in 2025 and there are no Asian points;
- those seeking a published entry threshold — the bank does not disclose one;
- fortunes below the indicative €500,000;
- clients sensitive to the past US settlements (2013/2019) — they are closed but public.
LLB is the Principality's state bank with three booking centres and an Aa1 rating: strongest for DACH-region clients and external managers; after leaving the Gulf, its international map is focused on Europe.

## Q/A

### Entry and geography

### What minimum capital does LLB require?

The bank publishes no official private-banking threshold. Industry estimates for the Austrian entity cite €500,000 for EU residents and €1m for non-residents. The wiLLBe digital channel starts at CHF 200, but that is not private banking.

### Did LLB sell its Swiss bank?

No — LLB (Schweiz) AG (formerly Bank Linth) was brought to 100% ownership and is expanding: new advisory points in Zurich and St. Gallen (2024). The 2025 divestiture was the UAE business: clients were referred to Rothschild & Co Bank AG.

### What does the deposit guarantee cover?

Liechtenstein (including the German branches) — EAS CHF 100,000; Switzerland — esisuisse CHF 100,000; Austria — ESA €100,000. Custody securities are segregated and returned to the owner in a bank failure.

### History and supervision

### What were the US DOJ agreements?

Two closed episodes from the bank-secrecy era: 2013 — LLB-Vaduz, US$23.8m; 2019 — the former Swiss unit LLB Verwaltung (closed back in 2013), US$10.7m. The obligations were fulfilled; today's onboarding runs on CRS and a full documentary trail.

### What is the 2026 FMA Austria fine?

€244,000 for organisational shortcomings (suitability procedures and training) under the WAG 2018. The decision is not final — the bank has appealed to the Federal Administrative Court; it has no bearing on the safety of client assets.

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